Metaproteomic analysis decodes trophic interactions of microorganisms in the dark ocean

Author(s)
Zihao Zhao, Chie Amano, Thomas Reinthaler, Federico Baltar, Mónica V Orellana, Gerhard J Herndl
Abstract

Proteins in the open ocean represent a significant source of organic matter, and their profiles reflect the metabolic activities of marine microorganisms. Here, by analyzing metaproteomic samples collected from the Pacific, Atlantic and Southern Ocean, we reveal size-fractionated patterns of the structure and function of the marine microbiota protein pool in the water column, particularly in the dark ocean (>200 m). Zooplankton proteins contributed three times more than algal proteins to the deep-sea community metaproteome. Gammaproteobacteria exhibited high metabolic activity in the deep-sea, contributing up to 30% of bacterial proteins. Close virus-host interactions of this taxon might explain the dominance of gammaproteobacterial proteins in the dissolved fraction. A high urease expression in nitrifiers suggested links between their dark carbon fixation and zooplankton urea production. In summary, our results uncover the taxonomic contribution of the microbiota to the oceanic protein pool, revealing protein fluxes from particles to the dissolved organic matter pool.

Organisation(s)
Functional and Evolutionary Ecology
External organisation(s)
Institute for Systems Biology, Utrecht University, Shanghai Ocean University, University of Washington
Journal
Nature Communications
Volume
15
Pages
6411
ISSN
2041-1723
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50867-z
Publication date
07-2024
Peer reviewed
Yes
Austrian Fields of Science 2012
106023 Molecular biology, 106022 Microbiology
Keywords
ASJC Scopus subject areas
Physics and Astronomy(all), Chemistry(all), Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
Sustainable Development Goals
SDG 14 - Life Below Water
Portal url
https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/en/publications/metaproteomic-analysis-decodes-trophic-interactions-of-microorganisms-in-the-dark-ocean(f4c33ce3-4a47-41aa-8731-3f118501c4af).html